Which PD is primarily characterized by grandiosity, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy?

• A. Avoidant Personality Disorder
• B. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
• C. Dependent Personality Disorder
• D. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Answer: (B)

Recognizing Narcissistic Personality Disorder hinges on three hallmark features: grandiosity, a persistent need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. Individuals with this pattern often have an inflated sense of self-importance, may engage in fantasies of unlimited power or brilliance, and expect special treatment from others. They seek constant praise and validation, and they can react with anger or disdain when they don’t receive it. A defining interpersonal pattern is a limited ability to empathize with others’ needs or feelings, sometimes exploiting people to achieve their own goals.

This combination distinguishes it from other personality disorders. For example, avoidant personality disorder centers on social inhibition and hypersensitivity to criticism; dependent personality disorder is driven by an excessive need to be cared for and submissive behavior; obsessive-compulsive personality disorder emphasizes a preoccupation with order, perfectionism, and control. So the trio of grandiosity, admiration-seeking, and empathy impairment makes Narcissistic Personality Disorder the best fit.